Atrial
Fibrillation is the most common form of arrhythmia where a person experiences
heart rhythm problems. There are three main types of atrial fibrillation (A-fib): paroxysmal,
persistent, and long-term persistent. Paroxysmal A-fib occurs when a rapid, erratic heart rate starts
suddenly and then stops on its own within 7 days. It often lasts for less than
24 hours so is also termed as intermittent A-fib. According to the American
Heart Association, 2.7 million American people live with some form of A-fib.
With age, the likelihood of experiencing paroxysmal A-fib increases. Although
paroxysmal A-fib isn’t life-threatening, but it can have serious consequences.
Early diagnosis and treatment are the key to living a healthy life.
Causes of
Paroxysmal A-fib:
When there
are abnormal electric pathways in the ticker, and it is not beating regularly
or pumping enough oxygenated blood around the body, Paroxysmal A-fib occurs as
a result. It can be tied with pre-existing or previous health conditions, such
as previous heart attack (myocardial infarction) or heart surgery,
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, sleep apnea, high blood pressure, lung
disease and overactive thyroid. Few lifestyle choices, such as smoking,
excessive alcohol consumption, being overweight or obese, stress, poor sleep,
prolonged exercise, illegal drugs like amphetamines, methamphetamines, and
cocaine, and other stimulants such as caffeine, and some over-the-counter
medication- can also lead to atrial fibrillation.
Although,
exercise is a healthful habit, but people should consult with their healthcare
providers before starting a new workout or increasing the intensity of their
exercise as increased physical exercise (sometimes) can also lead to A-fib due
to the strain it can place on the ticker.
Symptoms:
Racing heart
or palpitations, shortness of breath, nausea, fatigue or weakness, dizziness or
light-headedness are some of the common symptoms. A person should seek
immediate medical help if he/she is experiencing any of these symptoms, doctors
will most probably carry out a physical examination and monitor their ticker’s
activity. There are no symptoms at all sometimes. Nonetheless, a doctor will be
able to diagnose the issue with a physical exam or an electrocardiogram.
Complications:
Paroxysmal
A-fib can lead to serious consequences although most cases pass naturally which
highlights the importance of seeking medical help right away if an individual
experiences a change in the rhythm of their ticker. It can lead to heart
failure or stroke in the most serious cases. According to the American Heart
Association, people who have atrial fibrillation are five times more likely to
have a stroke than other people which can be attributed to A-fib affecting
blood flow around the body causing the blood to become static which can clot in
the upper chamber of the heart, which if then pumped to the brain can clog an
artery and cause a stroke.
Treatment
Options:
1. Rate control medication is the most
common A-fib treatment that lowers the heart rate to between 60 and 80 beats
per minute while at rest.
2. Doctors may prescribe blood thinners
or anticoagulants to prevent blood clotting that decreases the likelihood of
stroke.
3. Electrical cardioversion uses an
electric current to restore the natural rhythm. It is particularly used for
people who have been experiencing paroxysmal A-fib for more than 48 hours.
4. The aim of rhythm control, also known
as medical cardioversion, is to bring the ticker back to a natural rhythm.
5. Catheter ablation is another
procedure to treat A-fib that involves scarring of the areas of the ticker that
are causing problems.
6. Lifestyle changes include quitting
smoking and giving up on alcohol. It will help limit the chance of a person
developing paroxysmal A-fib.
For people
who experience paroxysmal A-fib, doctors recommend taking the medication in the
first place because of the increased risk of complications occurring during
surgery.
CPR Kansas City offers CPR courses for both
healthcare and non-healthcare providers. To join a course, call on 913-998-7499.
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